Electric cell.



PATENTED AUG. 7, 1906.

I. KITSEE. ELECTRIC CELL. APPLICATION FILED FEB, 20,1904.

UNITED sra'rns PATENTGFFTCE,

sinoir KITSEE, or ruriiapnrjrrna, PENNSYLVANIA.

enecraio cam.-

As is well known, the greatest difficulty in the employment of primary cells lies in the depolarization of the negative element.

More specially is this the case if the primar batteries are to be used for a greater length of time, and it"is well known that in a primary battery the depolarizing compound ofwhich is dissolved in the liquid the posi ,tive or zinc element will be attacked even if the battery is out of action;

The aim'of my invention is to produce a cell wherein at the re uired time the rel quired amount of electro yte can be supplied and whercfrom the electrolyte,- after having been used, can be removed and, if necessary,

replaced by the necessary amount of new electrolyte.

clean surfaces It is also the aimof my'inventionto equip said cell same can be flushed or cleaned out, so that for each new use the electrodes will present and. wherein, in fact, for all practical purposes thebattery during the time it 'is not in operation is entirely, or nearl so, void of all the electrolyte", thereby avoi ing local action, which otherwise would set in.

5 stood that the reservoir smaller than the reservoir A, for it is contem plated to fill the cells repeatedly through the receiving its sup-J- ply from the reservoir Referring to the drawing, which illustrates in a artial diagrammatic and partial sec tional view my invention, ical and electrical parts, in preferredform, A- is areservoir containing water or water charged with appropriate chemicals.-' A. is a means for supplying this tank with water.

B is a second reservoir connectedwith the reservoir A through the pipe Q; but whereas the reservoir A maybe of ahly suitabledimemd be only large.

sions the reservoir B side 7 enough to contain liquid necessary to fill the 1am, wherein the elements are contained, to

the necessarylieight.

reservoir B, this reservoir y p A. The reservoir B is connected through pipe Specificationbf Batters" Patent. Application filed February 20,1902 Serial No. 194.5497.

ion relates to animprovement.

with. an arrangement whereby the including mechane whereas the tank It is therefore under- 3 B should be of a size D with j the distribut =K with the ing-pipe E, havingoutlets 0, each connected to one battery,-in amanner so that if the liquid is flowing from Bthrou'gh D, and the receptacles .N, containing the elements N and N, which comprise the different bat' teries', are simultaneously and roportion- .a-tely'iilled with the liquid to t e required amount.

The pipe C of therecep'tacle A is rovided with the valve G, and the ipe D of t e receptacle B is provided'with tliie valve D. These two valves are operatively "joined together by the bar F, pivoted at F and held. in-a-position so that normall the valve 0 is opened and the valve D is closed by Normally, therefore, the liquid of the tank A,v

will flow into tank B, filling the same but no liquid will flow out of the tank B, because it s' own valve is closed. Ihave also provided a reservoir or tank H, which is filled with a material designed to serve as the depolarizer, and a materialdesigned to produce out ofvthe water a suitable electrdlyte, if-said water is,

not charged with appropriate. chemicals.

Patented Aug. '7, 1906, r

the spring F is preferred that these materials shouldconsist of sulfuric acid in a bichromate, such as um, and if the positive e mary cell consists of zinc it is preferred t ata slight addition of bisulfate of mercury,

having. dissolved there otassium or sodiement of the ri' a mercury salt,-such as shall be added to'this liquidfor the purpose of amalgamating this zinc, and thereby stopping the local, action otherwise ensuing; but 1t is obvious other materials may be used.

The tank H is preferably made of a dimension, smaller than the A, for the reason that each filling of the cells N requires a far smaller amount of liquid from the'tank Hthan it requires from the tank A,

dimension of the tank and-I preferthat the proportions should be about one to ten.

' To the tank His connected, by pipe I, the

tank'J. This tank J has to be of a"dime'nsion smaller than the tank H,

H has to carry enough for a series enough for the depolarization of the cells fpr a proposed lengthof time, and .as this' liqmd for the reason that liquid;-

of fillings of the cells the tank J should-only have a capacity forliquid ms should be, as said above, in the proportion'of' about one part to ten parts of water it is obvious that the capacity of the tank J should i be only about one-tenth of the capacitybf the tank B. Thetank J is connected bypipe distributing-pipe E. The p pe I is provided with the valve K.

nated by the letter L and is pivoted at L and held in a position so that normally the valve I is opened and the valve K is closed by means of the spring-L As in the former case, it is also obvious here that the smaller tank J is normally filled with the liquid from the tank H; but this liquid is prevented from flowing out of this tank J by the closed valve K.

As elements for the cells N, I prefer to use a carbon preferably in the shape of a tube and the zinc preferably in the shape of a .solid cylinder. The lower ends of the cells N are provided with the outlet-pipesv P, normally-closed through'the valves Q. These.

valves are connected together, and their terminal is secured to the lever R, pivoted at R and provided with the "spring R in a manner so that in the'normal position of the lever R the valves Q are closed. We therefore have normally'that is, if the batteries are not in use the following arrangement and disposition of the different parts: The tank A is filled, or nearly so, with water and communicates with the tank B, which is thereby also filled with water. The tank H is filled, or nearly so, with the depolarizing material and, if necessary, the material to produce the-electrolyte out of the water of the tank A, and this tank H communicates with the tank J,

' therebyfilling the same withpart of its contents. The cells N, with their elements N and N are void of any electrolyte. For the purpose of making operative the cells and elements contained therein I have provided the following arrangement: In juxtaposition to the bar F is placed the electromagnet G, the armature of which is made part of or secured to this .bar. One terminal of this electromagnet is connected through wire 4 with the source of current U and through wire 1 with the contact 1. In juxtaposition to the bar 'L is placed the electromagnet M, the armature of which is secured to or made part of this bar. One terminal of this electromagnet is connected through wire 5 with the source of current U, and the other terminal is connected through wire 2with the contact 2. In juxtaposition to the bar or lever R 1s placed the electromagnet S, the armature of which is secured to or made part of said lever. One terminal of this electr'omagnet is connected throu h wire 6, with the source of current U and t e other terminal through wire 3 with the contact 3*. i

The second pole of the source of current U is connected through wire 7 with the movable contact lever or arm T. If it is now deslred to put the cells N into use, it is only necessary to first contact the lever T with the contact 1 This will result therein that through the energizing of the electromagnet G that part of the lever F to which the armature is secured will be drawn toward the core of the electromagnet, thereby opening the valve D simultaneously with the closing of the valve C. The communication between the tanks A and B will therefore be cut off, and the liqiiid from the tank B will be allowed to flow into the distributing-pipe E and from the same through the pipes 0 into the different cells N. After a short interval the contactarm T is moved from the contact 1 to the contact 2 thereby demagnetizing the mag net G and energizing the electromagnet M, the result of which is that that part of the bar L to which the armature of this particular electromagnet is attached is drawn toward it, opening the valve K simultaneously with the closing of the valve I. Communication between the tanks 11 and J is therefore cut off, and the contents of J are allowed to flow-into the distributing-pipe E and then through the pipes 0 into the cells N, thereby giving the liquid in same the necessary conductivity and necessary depolarizing quality. The cells N are now ready for use. After having used these cells for the time desired the arm T is contacted with the point 3, and this movement results therein that through the energizing of the electromagnet S that part of the lever R to which its armature is secured is drawn toward it, thereby opening the valves secured to this lever. The liquid 1 contained in the cells N allowed to flow out of the cells, and if it is desired to clean these cells entirely the arm T is again brought in contact with the point 1, thereby allowing the water of the tank B toflush out the cells 5 N. In this case the arm 1 shall be brought back to the stop B by moving the same in the direction of the arrow.

It is preferred that the depolarizing fluid shall have a capacity for a restricted period 110 of timeonehalf or one hour, as the case may befor the reason that if the capacity of the liquid from J should be made to serve for a comparatively great length of time and the continuous use of the cells be suspended I 5 for one reason or another the extra capacity of the depolarizer would be lost, and to prevent the undue loss of same it is preferred that each charge should only be for a short period, andif the continuous use of this cell I20 for a longer period is contemplated then the refilling of the cells should be repeated. If it is contemplated to use these cells for such purposes as, for instance, the actuating of electromagnets for automatically-played p 1- r2 5 anos and organsthen the cells, with their reservoirs, may be placed in the cellar or other convenient space and only the switching arrangement need be placed where the player or person in charge is present. In 1 0 this case the source A can be the water-supply as isusually-provide'd for in dwellings; but when it is desired 'to use this arrangement with moving vehicles, such as automobiles, then the source A should be connected to any source of water-supply on the road of travel, 'and it is'preferred in such cases that the switching device should'be placed near the person in charge of the ve-' 'hicle. I have illustrated and described the tank A as to contain water, for the reason that it is more convenient to get a supply of plain water than to get a supply of water charged with a chemicalgfbut itis obvious that the lit, or the water for same, may contain a unicaluseful for the purpose intended. ierever, therefore, I usevthe word "water this specification or in the claims followthis specification I do not understand under it plain water alone, but also include in. this term Water charged with a chemical adapted to make the plain watefmorecon- Educting. As such achernical common'tablesalt (chlorid of sodium) may advantageously be used. In this case the depolarizing liq- 'uid does not need to contain, a free acid, as

would otherwise be necessary.

Ihavc illustrated in the drawings the dis tributing-pip as to beprovided with hand' valves .E his for the reason that should it be desired to cut out one or; more of the end cells it is only necessaryto stop 'the flow i of theliquid to such} ell, and this can be 3 5 bes'taccomplished with" the aid of'the handvalves c Having now described myinvention, what 1 claim as new, and desire to secure by Let. ters Patent, isi. 1. electricplant consisting of a series of voltaiccells ofthe one-fluid type, said cells provided with inlets and outlets, the inlets connected to a common distributing pipe prcvided with hand-valves, said distri .uting-pipe connected .to two reservolrs, one reservoir containing the electrolyte and the sec- .ond reservoir containing the; depolarizing fluid, each oi said reservoirs provided with electromagnetic valves, a circuit for each of saidvalves, and a switch common to. all of said circuits, he outlet neans -of said cells also 1 provided with electromagnetic valves adapted to switch, and a source of current common to all of said circuits.

of electric cells, electrically connected-with between sai be actuated by said common l 2. An electric battery comprising" a series 6o nected to a common distributing-pipe, two. 7

' v 4 reservoirs connected to said distributinge olarismally closed, and electromagnetic means in prox mlty to said valves adapted to 0 en and closesaid valves through the operation of a,

each of said reservoirs provided with a valve nor-- circuit of wh'ch said electromagnetic means arepar the outlets provided each with a valve, said valve normally closed, and means; electromagnetic intheir action, to, simulta-' neously open-and close said valves-through the operation of a circuit of which said electromagnetic. means are part.'

3'; An electric plant embracing aseries of electric cells normally void of electrolyte, a

reservoir containing the necessary electro-x connected to the and cells respectively,

lyte, distributing. means reservoir,

adapted to '0' on and close communication reservoir and distributing means, an outlet for each of-said eellsand' means to open andclose said outlet incommeans be-' tween said reservoirand distributing means bination with electromagnets adapted to 'op.

erate' said. distributing means and outlet means, the'circuits of said electromagnets adapted to be opened and closed through:

one common switch.

4. An electric plant embracing a reservoir adapted to be filled with one liquid, said reservoir connecting with a smaller reservoir, a

second reservoir adapted to be filled. with a second liquidprimary cells in operative relation thereto,

and in-communlcation with a I smaller reservo1r,'a' d1str1but1ng-p1pe and electromagnetic means to cut off the communication of the first-named reservoir and ICC its smaller adjunct simultaneously with the making of the communication between the smaller adjunct and the'distiibuting-pipe, "electromagnetic means to cut off the communicationbetween the second reservoir and its smaller adjunct simu aneously with the making'of the communication between said smaller adjunct and the distributing-pipe, outlet pipes for ma netic means to operate said outlet-pipes" the primary cells, oelec tro rrc an mechanical means to makeoperative one of said electromagnetic means.

In testimony whereof. I hereby ,sign my name, in the presence "or two subscribing witnesses, this 6th day of March, A. D.,1'903.

ISIDOR KITSEE, Witnesses p i I EDITH R. S'rrLLEr.

, H. C. YETTER. 

